国語：晋語·献公の狄とその追随者に対する攻撃の全文とその翻訳と注釈

『国語』は中国最古の国書である。周王朝の王族と魯、斉、晋、鄭、楚、呉、越などの属国の歴史が記録されています。それは周の穆王12年（紀元前990年）に西方の泉容（紀元前947年頃）に対する遠征を開始したときに始まり、芝伯の破壊（紀元前453年）で終わりました。宮廷訪問、宴会での演説、風刺、討論、各国の貴族間の応答、そしていくつかの歴史的出来事や伝説が含まれています。それでは、次の興味深い歴史編集者が、金玉・献公の翟傳への攻撃について詳細に紹介しますので、見てみましょう！

献公に田畑を献上したとき、彼は翟傳の匂いを見て、眠れずに家に帰った。西叔虎が宮廷にやって来て、公は彼に話しかけました。彼は答えた。「ベッドが快適でないからでしょうか？ それとも李季が私のそばにいないからでしょうか？」公は断った。 When he went out, he met Shi Xu and said, "You couldn't sleep tonight, it must be because of Zhai Luo. The king of Zhai Luo likes to monopolize his own power without any scruples. His ministers compete to flatter him. Those who want to advance are blocked, and those who want to retreat are rejected. His superiors are greedy and tolerant, and his subordinates are treacherous and lucky. There are those who indulge the king but have no ministers to advise, and there are those who defy their superiors but have no loyal subordinates. The king and his ministers, both high and low, are all satisfying their own selfish desires and letting their tempers run wild. The people each have their own minds but have no one to rely on. Isn't it difficult to govern a country like this? If you attack them, you can defeat them. If I don't say it, you must say it." Shi Xu told the king, and he was pleased, so he attacked Zhai Luo.西叔虎が城を攻撃しようとしたとき、彼の家来たちは「政務を放棄して軍務につくのは彼の仕事ではない」と言った。西叔虎は「私には古い計画もなければ偉業もない。どうして王に仕えることができようか」と言った。北羽は先に進軍し、その後彼を征服した。

翻訳する

晋の献公が狩りをしているとき、翟羅国上空に殺気を感じ、帰ってきてからよく眠れなかった。西叔虎が朝廷に行ったとき、献公は彼にこのことを伝えました。西書虎は尋ねた。「ベッドが寝心地が悪いからですか？ それとも李季がそばにいないからですか？」献公は答えなかった。 After Xi Shuhu retired from court, he met Shi and said, "The king couldn't sleep well tonight, it must be because of the Zhaiguo. The king of Zhaiguo likes to monopolize the benefits and has no scruples. His ministers vied with each other to flatter him in order to please him. Those who were promoted were villains who blocked the king's sight and hearing, and those who were excluded were loyal ministers who spoke unpleasant words. This king is greedy and unjust, and his ministers are complacent in the hope of getting lucky. There are indulgent kings but no ministers who speak frankly and make extreme suggestions, and there are greedy upper classes but no loyal subordinates. The king and his ministers each satisfy their own selfish desires and indulge in their evil, and the people have their own ideas but no one to rely on. Isn't it difficult to govern a country like this? If the King of Jin wants to conquer it, he will surely succeed. I won't say these words, you must tell the King of Jin." Shi told this to Duke Xian, who was very happy and sent troops to conquer the Zhaiguo.西叔虎が敵を殺そうと城壁を登ろうとしたとき、部下たちは「政務を放棄して戦いに行くのはあなたの本分ではない」と言った。西叔虎は「私には策略もなく、貢献もしません。どうして王に仕えることができましょうか」と答えた。そこで彼は鳥の羽をつけて先に城壁を登り、翟果を倒した。