和人类相比,狗的体温较高,散热能力却更弱。[1]
在出现症状前,我们很难判断爱犬是否中暑。对犬类而言,中暑的发生通常没有预兆,而且病情会迅速恶化,从而产生致命后果。了解治疗犬类中暑的方法,对拯救爱犬极为重要。
步骤
方法 1 的 3:
辨别犬类是否中暑
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-1-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-1-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d7\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-1-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-1-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
1
观察温度变化。 爱犬中暑时,气温有多高?了解这类信息对治疗爱犬至关重要。你可以将温度、爱犬中暑前和中暑时的活跃程度以及其他情况记录在册,比如犬类是否直接暴露在阳光下,然后将这些信息提供给兽医。
当爱犬被困在车内和其它地方时,你很难准确测量环境温度。如果该空间内的体感温度高于外界温度(32摄氏度),兽医就能根据此信息迅速评估爱犬病情,及时进行治疗。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/2\/20\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-2-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-2-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-2-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-2-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
2
留意犬类中暑的早期症状。 只要能及时发现中暑症状,便可避免高温对犬类脏器带来的永久性损伤。犬类中暑的早期症状包括:[2]
大声地喘粗气
极度干渴
不停地呕吐
舌头发红发亮,牙龈发白
用手捏犬类脖颈或口鼻处的皮肤后松开,皮肤不能迅速恢复原状
口水粘稠
心跳加速
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/8\/8d\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-3-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-3-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8d\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-3-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-3-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
3
留意中暑病情是否恶化。 当出现以下症状时,表明犬类中暑的情况正在恶化: [3]
呼吸逐渐困难
牙龈呈亮红色,然后发青发紫
身体孱弱,萎靡不振
迷失方向感
晕倒或昏厥
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/d0\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-4-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-4-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d0\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-4-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-4-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
4
测量爱犬的体温。 想要检查犬类体温是否过高,直肠测温是最好的方法。通常情况下,犬类的体温会在37.5-39℃之间浮动。当体温高于39℃时,犬类就会中暑。当体温达到42.8℃时,犬类会有生命危险。[4]
买一只数码直肠温度计(最好是宠物专用的)。
为犬类测体温前,先用润滑乳胶或凡士林润滑温度计。
找个帮手,帮你按住爱犬的头部和上半身。
找到爱犬的肛门部位,然后掀起尾巴。
将温度计插入爱犬肛门内2.5厘米处,静置片刻。
等待温度计的提示音响起。提示音响起后,拔出温度计,然后读数。
记录爱犬的体温,以备日后兽医查验。
方法 2 的 3:
治疗中暑的犬类
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/f\/f7\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-5-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-5-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f7\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-5-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-5-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
1
将爱犬移至阴凉的地方。 如果条件允许,可以将爱犬移入空调房。条件不允许的情况下,可将其安置于户外的阴凉处,尽量保证空气流通。在中暑症状消失之前,不要让爱犬剧烈运动,来回乱跑。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/be\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-6-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-6-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/be\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-6-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-6-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
2
让爱犬喝些凉水。 刚开始不要让爱犬过量饮水,也不要给它喝人类的运动饮料。如果爱犬不想喝水,可以喂它一些牛肉汤鸡肉汤(少盐少脂肪),汤的温度要和室温一致,或者稍凉些。[5]
如果爱犬无法自行饮水,不要强行喂水。[6]
用干净的湿面巾或湿毛巾帮它擦拭唇舌和牙龈。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/8\/88\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-7-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-7-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/88\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-7-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-7-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
3
给爱犬喷水降温。 用凉水给爱犬降温。如果用水管冲洗爱犬,注意减小水压。不要将爱犬全身浸泡在水中,以防体温下降过快,引发其它病症。[7]
确保水温不要过低。冷水和冰水反而会阻碍犬类调节体温。[8]
重点擦拭爱犬的四肢、脚掌和头尾部。将沾了凉水的湿毛巾置于爱犬的后腿之间和腋下。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/9\/94\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/94\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
4
联系急诊兽医。 即便降温措施效果显著,你也要尽快联系兽医。[9]
中暑可能会造成犬类脏器损伤,不加以治疗,可能会危及爱犬的性命。[10]
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/1\/1b\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/1b\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
5
将外用酒精涂抹在爱犬的掌心。 犬类会利用脚掌散热,因此在掌心涂抹酒精可以帮助降温。[11]
让爱犬脚掌外露,暴露在凉爽的空气中。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/df\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/df\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
6
不要包裹爱犬,也不要将它关起来。 你可以用凉爽的湿毛巾帮它擦拭身体,但不要盖住它。也不要将爱犬关入狗窝,以防爱犬散热不畅。[12]
方法 3 的 3:
预防犬类中暑
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/be\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/be\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
1
谨防引起或加剧犬类中暑的因素。 年老、肥胖、有心脏病或癫痫病史的犬类更容易中暑,也更不耐热。[13]
鼻部较短的犬类,比如哈巴狗和斗牛犬,难以通过呼吸有效散热,因此更容易中暑。[14]
某些品种的犬类耐热性较差。很多犬种都不适合在高温地区饲养,比如英国斗牛犬、法国斗牛犬、拳师犬、圣伯纳犬、哈巴狗和西施犬。[15]
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/47\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/47\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
2
盛夏时节,不要将爱犬独自留在车内。 即使天气不热,也绝对别将爱犬独自留在车内。[16]
就算开着车窗,车内温度也可能会迅速升高,造成犬类死亡。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/41\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/41\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
3
按时节给爱犬剃毛。 对长毛犬而言,盛夏时节一定要剪毛或剃毛。[17]
专业的宠物美容师会按季节为爱犬修理毛发。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/4c\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/4c\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
4
天气热时,不要让爱犬外出。 让它们待在空调房内避暑。[18]
如果条件不允许,也可以让爱犬在有阴凉遮蔽的户外躲避烈日。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/40\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-15-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-15-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/40\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-15-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-15-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
5
为爱犬提供遮阴的地方和饮用水。 户外温度过高时,为爱犬准备水源和阴凉的休息地。[19]
有些人甚至会为爱犬准备冰块,以便它们在天气炎热时趴在上面消暑。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/7\/79\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-16-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-16-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/79\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-16-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-16-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
6
天气炎热时,保证爱犬能安全地戏水。 如果你家附近有河流、小溪或池塘,爱犬可能会跳入水中避暑。为爱犬游泳提供便利,也可以用水管轻轻地帮它冲凉,以防中暑。
监督爱犬游泳。如果爱犬并不擅长游泳,不要让它靠近深水区,尤其是游泳池之类难以逃脱的地方。[20]
如果你家附近没有适合宠物活动的海滩或泳池,可以考虑为爱犬买个儿童泳池。各大商店都有销售,花不了多少钱。对于不擅长游泳、需要系狗绳、不爱与生人和其它犬类接触的宠物狗来说,儿童泳池可谓是消暑利器。
不要让爱犬在长藻的水域游泳或喝水,以防中毒。
{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/9\/96\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-17-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-17-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/96\/Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-17-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-Heat-Stroke-in-Dogs-Step-17-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"}
7
天气较热时,让工作犬定时休息。 如果天气炎热,让牧羊犬等工作犬多加休息。[21]
休息期间,给它提供足够的饮水和阴凉。条件允许的情况下,可以让它去游泳,也可以帮它淋湿身体。
小提示
想学习预防犬类中暑的知识,可以阅读部分3的《防止犬类中暑》。
让爱犬安心很重要,你自己也要保持镇定。你的紧张情绪可能会影响爱犬,扰乱它们的心绪,从而让病情恶化。保持镇定,采取合理的方法帮爱犬降温,然后及时送医。集中注意力,尽全力挽救爱犬的生命。
对于身披双层毛的犬类而言,下层的绒毛有冬暖夏凉的作用,因此剃毛并不能降温。
将酒精和水按1:1的比例混合,然后将爱犬的爪子浸泡其中。