结草虫是一种飞蛾,在幼虫阶段主要以灌木和树木为食。它们喜欢吃落叶乔木、针叶树、果树和多年生花卉。不过,它们只会对不落叶的针叶树造成致命威胁。消灭结草虫的主要方法有在其生长的特定阶段手动消灭,以及利用杀虫剂进行灭杀。
步骤
部分
1
部分 1 的 3:
观察结草虫
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1
在冬季或早春的时候寻找结草虫。结草虫的卵囊是褐色的,长约3.5-5厘米。它们身上会裹一层干枯的针叶,在其它绿色针叶的衬托下非常显眼。
- 结草虫卵囊不太容易被发现,因为它们看起来非常像松果。所以要仔细查看松果,看看里面是否藏着结草虫。
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2
定期用耙子打扫树下的落叶,把掉落的卵囊清除掉。不要把残叶放在混合肥里,因为结草虫的幼虫可能会在里面存活。你可以用塑料袋密封好,然后扔到垃圾堆里。
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3
注意干枯的松针或枝干周围的区域。如果松树开始变成褐色,就说明结草虫可能已经把它给毁了。这时候,你得尽量把整个花园的虫子都清除干净,以免波及其它的树。
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4
留意结草虫可能生存的新地方。它们的丝可能会被风吹走,而院子里任何风吹得到的地方都可能变成它们的藏身之处,所以一定要仔细查看。
部分
2
部分 2 的 3:
杀死结草虫的卵
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1
把温水和洗洁精装在塑料桶内并搅拌均匀。
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2
戴上园艺手套,顺便拿一副小钳子来帮助你彻底清除结草虫。用钳子可以把结草虫留下的任何蛛丝马迹都全部剪掉,这样它们就不太可能再卷土重来了。[1]
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3
修剪树枝上的结草虫卵囊,把它们泡到肥皂水里。注意一定要把它们完全浸在水中。
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4
把浸泡过的结草虫装进密封的塑料袋,然后扔到垃圾箱里。
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5
每年的秋冬季和早春都要重复一次这个过程,在结草虫卵孵化之前就把它们消灭掉。如果能用这种手工方法彻底消灭卵囊,就可以少用杀虫剂。
部分
3
部分 3 的 3:
杀死孵出来的结草虫
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1
计划好在每年的五月份灭杀结草虫。这是它们孵化的时间,也是它们最脆弱的时候。但在有的地方,它们会等到六月份才开始孵化。[2]
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2
留意卵囊里是否有一个蠕虫样的头伸出来。不过,当它们受到惊吓时会缩回卵囊里。
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3
购买苏云金杆菌制剂(Dipel)之类的杀虫剂。这些杀虫剂中含有一种叫做苏云金芽孢杆菌的物质,可以杀死结草虫的幼虫。如果多棵树都有虫患,你得用杀虫剂才能彻底灭虫,当然费用也较高。[3]
- 其它杀虫剂,比如如Orthene、Talstar 和Tempo,也可以有效灭杀刚孵出来的结草虫。[4]
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4
将杀虫剂放入喷壶中。把被感染的叶子和针叶彻底喷湿。注意,如果附近有宠物和小孩,喷杀虫剂时要小心。
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5
在五月下旬、六月和七月初喷杀虫剂。这样可以杀死结草虫的低龄幼虫。要是到了七月下旬和八月份的时候,结草虫就有了抗药性,杀虫剂也就不再管用了。
- 九月份和十月上旬,成年结草虫的虫卵开始受精,这时候你就可以动手搜寻卵囊了。
- 成年雄性结草虫是有着黑色翅膀和褐色斑点的飞蛾,它们在授精后就会死亡。而雌性结草虫会留在卵囊内,处于幼虫状态。
你可能需要
- 塑料桶
- 水
- 洗洁精
- 园艺手套
- 钳子
- 杀虫剂
- 塑料袋
- 耙子