怎么在句子中正确地使用i.e.

“i.e.”是拉丁短语id est的缩写，意思是“换句话说”或“也就是说”。^[1] 在英文写作或准备商务报告时，你可能不清楚应该如何正确地使用“i.e.”。首先，你要判断句中是否需要使用“i.e.”，然后在使用“i.e.”时注意规范地使用逗号，保证语法正确。其实，只要把握好几个简单的步骤，你就能更专业地用好“i.e.”。

步骤

明确何时使用“i.e.”

1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/9\/9d\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-1.jpg\/v4-460px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-1.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9d\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-1.jpg\/v4-728px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-1.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 1 用“i.e.”表达“换句话说”或“也就是说”。当你想要在句子后面增加内容，给读者提供更多的信息，这时候就可以使用缩写“i.e.”。句后增加的内容应该是对前句内容的补充，让读者能更好地理解你要表达的意思。^[2]
   • 例如，你可以这样写：“I am a vegan, i.e., I do not eat any animal-based products.”（我是一名素食者，也就是说我不吃肉。）或是“He works the morning shift, i.e., from 6 am to 1 pm.”（他上早班，就是从上午6点一直干到下午1点。）
2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/e\/e1\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-2.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/e1\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-2.jpg\/v4-728px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 2 不要用“i.e.” 表达“举例说”或“比如”。如果你想通过举例让读者明白，就不能使用“i.e.”。这时候，你应该使用“e.g.”。 “E.g.”是拉丁短语“举个例子”的缩写。^[3]
   • 举例说，你可以这样写：“I do not like eating raw fish, i.e., sushi.”（我不喜欢吃生鱼，也就是寿司。）或是“I don't like Japanese food, e.g., sushi or ramen.”（我不喜欢日本菜，比如寿司或拉面。）
   • 或者，你也可这样写：“She likes poetry about love, i.e., poems that explore matters of the heart.”（她喜欢情诗，也就是探索内心的诗歌。）或是“She likes poetry about love, e.g., poems by the New Romantics.”（她喜欢情诗，例如新浪漫主义诗歌。）
3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/2\/27\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/27\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 3 在非正式文件中或速记时，可以使用缩写“i.e.”。如果是发电子邮件或写信给朋友，学校里写作文或工作中写商务便条，可以在文中使用“i.e.”。如果是正式商务文件或学术论文，考虑使用“that is”或“in other words”。^[4]
   • 有时，在新闻稿件、作文或学术论文中也可以使用“i.e.”。在论文或作文中使用“i.e.”前，最好先和导师沟通一下，确认这么做是否妥当。

在句中使用“i.e.”

1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/9\/94\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/94\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 1 字母小写并注意使用点号。“i.e.”中的两个字母都要小写，并且都要使用点号。^[5]
2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/48\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-5.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/48\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-5.jpg\/v4-728px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-5.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 2 不要使用斜体或加粗。“i.e.”的字体不用与文章的其他字体有任何区别。就使用常规字体，无需另行采用斜体或加粗格式。^[6]
3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/f\/fd\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-6.jpg\/v4-460px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-6.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fd\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-6.jpg\/v4-728px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-6.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 3 “i.e.”前后都要使用逗号。这样就能突出“i.e.”，提醒读者注意“i.e.”后面的内容。^[7]
   • 例如，你可以这样写：“He prefers native plants in the garden, i.e., plants that naturally grow in the area.”（他希望在花园里种植本土植物，也就是当地土生土长的植物。）或是“I have a soft spot for holiday music, i.e., songs that are about Christmas or Halloween. ”（我喜欢节日音乐，也就是圣诞节或万圣节相关的音乐。）
4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-7.jpg\/v4-460px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-7.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-7.jpg\/v4-728px-Use-i.e.-in-a-Sentence-Step-7.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 4 只在句中使用“i.e.”，不可用于句首或句尾。“i.e.”应始终在前半部分句子之后，位于句中，这样才算是正确的语法。^[8]
   • 例如，“I.e. he likes super heroes”（也就是说他喜欢英雄。）或是“He likes super heroes, i.e.”（他喜欢英雄，也就是说）都是不正确的。 正确的句子应当是：“He likes super heroes, i.e., social misfits who save the world.”（他喜欢英雄，也就是拯救世界的人。）