看到一只受伤的小鸟,会很自然地想要救它。然而一般来说,自己救助受伤的小鸟可能会违法。最好的办法就是寻求帮助。可以先找人帮忙,然后一起捡起小鸟,或者你可以先把小鸟放到箱子里,转移到安全的地方,再去找人帮忙。
步骤
部分
1
部分 1 的 3:
确认小鸟是否需要救助
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1
确认鸟的大小。 有可能你觉得需要帮助的小鸟,其实是正在学飞的幼鸟。先在远处观察一下,确认它是真的受伤,并且被鸟妈妈抛弃了,再去救助它。[1]
看它有没有羽毛。如果是一只有羽毛的幼鸟,它可能正在学习怎么飞起来。[2]
如果幼鸟没有羽毛,也没有受伤,你可以把它们放回鸟巢去。如果小鸟觉得冷,先用手帮它暖一暖,再放回去。[3]
你手上的味道并不会影响小鸟的父母,它们还是会一视同仁,给所有的宝宝喂食。[4]
如果你没看到鸟巢,那就把小鸟转移到猫狗发现不了的地方。比如,把它放在灌木丛里,或者是树上。[5]
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2
如果是一只成年的鸟,看看它身上有没有伤口。 有裂开的伤口表示这只小鸟需要你的救助。[6]
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3
检查一下周围有没有血迹。 血迹也是小鸟受伤的迹象。如果一只小鸟身上正在流血,或者有干掉的血迹,说明它可能需要帮助。[7]
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4
看看它的动作。 如果这只小鸟站不起来或者飞不起来,它的情况可能很严重,并且需要救助。[8]
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5
三思而后行。 最好还是先把小鸟留在原地,直到找到专业人士来帮你。如果你不懂专业的救助,像老鹰之类的大鸟可能会啄伤你。[9]
部分
2
部分 2 的 3:
捡起受伤的小鸟
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1
准备一个箱子。 最好用纸箱,在纸箱四周剪几个洞通风。在箱子里放些毛巾之类的软物垫着。[10]
如果小鸟的体型比较大,你也可以用其他宠物的笼子来安置它,比如养猫的笼子。还要用毛巾之类的东西把箱子或者笼子盖住,因为动物最好安置在黑暗和安静的环境里。[11]
不要用金属丝做的笼子,这种笼子可能会伤害到小鸟。[12]
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2
做好保暖。 准备一个电热毯放在底下或者热水袋。如果你准备的是电热毯,要把它放在箱子外面。如果你准备的是热水袋,先用布把热水袋包起来,再放进箱子里。[13]
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3
带上手套。 不管是多小的小鸟,都有可能伤到你的手。在救助小鸟之前,最好带上一双厚的手套。[14]
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4
给小鸟盖上毛巾或者毯子。 在移动小鸟之前,先用布盖住它,让它冷静下来。[15]
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5
轻轻地把小鸟抱起来。 虽然小鸟已经受伤了,但是让它受惊的话,很可能会激烈反抗,最终伤害到你或者它自己。[16]
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6
把小鸟放进箱子里。 盖上盖子,并且盖上毛巾。在你准备进行下一步之前,把箱子放在温暖安静的地方,确保其它宠物够不到。[17]
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7
洗手。 即使你带了手套,接触了野生动物之后,还是要把双手甚至手臂都洗干净。因为它们很可能会传播细菌或者疾病,所以洗手还是非常重要的。[18]
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8
不要给鸟喂食。 你很可能会喂错食物。也不要一滴一滴地给它喂水,你可以在箱子里放点水。[19]
这样它会自己找水喝,而不是一直等着你去喂它。
部分
3
部分 3 的 3:
照顾受伤的小鸟
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1
寻找野生动物救护站。 野生动物救护站知道怎么照顾野生动物,当然也知道怎么照顾一只受伤的小鸟,所以一定要去找救助站。通常你可以在地方政府或者州政府的野生动物救助官网上,找到相关信息。[20]
你也可以打电话咨询兽医。[21]
事实上,在没有持证专业人士帮助的情况下,没有资格证的人救助野生动物或者鸟类是违法的。[22]
鸟类受到候鸟协定法案的保护,所以无证救助小鸟是犯法的。[23]
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2
询问怎么照顾受伤的小鸟。 救助站可以告诉你怎么照顾那只小鸟,或者他们会让你把小鸟带到专业人士那里,接受专业照顾,这对小鸟来说是最好的。不管怎么样,起码你能知道下一步该做些什么。[24]
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3
把小鸟送去专门帮助野生动物康复的地方。 不同的鸟类所需的食物和照料都不一样,而且野生小鸟不习惯被关起来。
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4
了解接下来可能发生的情况。 康复的小鸟会面临四种情况。最好的一种是这只小鸟完全恢复健康,回归大自然。如果不能放回大自然,专业的机构会接管它们。这些小鸟会被用来教育民众爱鸟护鸟。剩下另外两种情况就没有这么好了。如果伤口太严重,它可能会因此死掉,或者被执行安乐死。[25]
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5
考取资格证。 如果你身在美国,坚持要自己救助这只小鸟,那就需要考取资格证,因为没有资格证的话,是不能合法养护野生动物的。你可以向本地政府申领文件。[26]
要拿到资格证,你需要填写美国鱼类及野生动物管理局的许可证申请表[27]
,一份上交联邦政府,一份上交州政府。[28]
如果你想得到救助野生动物的资格,需要具备一定的专业知识。你需要接受提问,证明你具有专业知识,并且接受过专业的训练,知道如何养护野生动物。[29]
警告
一般来说,在照顾绝大多数野生动物的时候,不要用手摸它们。如果你接触了它们,事后一定要用温水和肥皂清洗干净。