怎么治疗穿耳洞后皮肤感染

穿耳洞是彰显自我的好方法，但有时候会引起不良的副作用，比如皮肤感染。如果你觉得耳朵出现了感染，应该就医检查。在家也要保持耳洞干净，让它尽快康复。耳洞打在耳朵软骨上尤其容易引发严重感染，留下难看的疤痕。在这种情况下，如果你怀疑自己耳朵受感染了，一定要立即就医。^[1] 在耳洞愈合期间，不要再弄伤或刺激患处。耳朵应该会在几周内恢复正常。

步骤

就医治疗

1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/db\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-1-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-1-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/db\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-1-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-1-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 1 如果你怀疑伤口受感染了，尽快就医治疗。耳朵感染不加以治疗，会引起严重的并发症。如果耳朵疼痛、发红或流脓，一定要去看医生。^[2]
   • 受感染的耳洞可能会发红或肿胀，感觉疼痛、抽痛或摸起来很烫。
   • 穿洞处流出来的脓或任何分泌物都必须让医生检查。脓可能呈黄色或白色。
   • 如果你发烧，要立即去看医生。这是很严重的感染症状。
   • 感染通常在穿洞后2-4周内发生，也有人在穿洞多年后才受感染。^[3]
2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/7\/75\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-2-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-2-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/75\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-2-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-2-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 2 除非医生另有指示，否则不要取下耳饰。这可能会影响伤口痊愈，或导致脓肿形成。就医检查之前，不要取下耳饰。^[4]
   • 不要触碰、扭转或把玩还在耳洞里的耳环。
   • 医生会告诉你是否可以继续戴耳饰。如果医生认为应该取下来，他们会亲自动手。在得到医生的同意之前，不要擅自戴回耳饰。
3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/c\/cf\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-6.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-6.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/cf\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-6.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-6.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 3 如果是轻微的耳垂感染，可以涂抹抗菌药膏。医生可能会给你开处方级药膏，或是推荐你购买非处方药膏。根据医生指示，将药膏抹在患处。^[5]
   • 可以使用的非处方软膏或药膏包括Neosporin、bacitracin或Polysporin。
4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/bb\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/bb\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 4 服用处方药治疗更加严重的感染。如果你发烧或是感染情况很严重，医生可能会开口服抗生素。根据医生指示用药。即使感染好转了，也必须服完所有抗生素。^[6]
   • 如果打在软骨上的耳洞受感染，通常都需要吃药。
5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/bd\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/bd\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 5 如果脓肿已经形成，让医生给你引流。伤口处有大量脓液聚集就会形成脓肿。如果伤口处有脓肿，医生会给你引流。这是一项门诊手术，在就医检查的当天就能马上进行。^[7]
   • 医生可能会在耳朵进行局部热敷，帮助排出脓液，或是将脓肿切开引流。
6. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/1\/16\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-6-Version-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-6-Version-4.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/16\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-6-Version-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-6-Version-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 6 做手术切除严重受感染的软骨。耳洞打在软骨比打在耳垂上更危险。如果软骨上的耳洞受感染，一定要尽快就医。要是感染很严重，可能需要做手术切除软骨。^[8]
   • 软骨就在耳垂上方，是外耳上部较厚的组织。

在家治疗

1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/f\/f7\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f7\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 1 触碰受感染的患处之前，先把手洗干净。手上的细菌或污垢可能会转移到耳朵，进一步加重感染。清洁或治疗患处之前，先用温水和抗菌肥皂把手洗干净。^[9]
2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/1\/14\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-5.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/14\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-5.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-8-Version-5.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 2 用棉签清理耳朵周围的脓液。用抗菌肥皂或盐水打湿棉签的尖端，轻轻地擦去流出来的液体或脓。不要弄掉任何硬皮或痂，它们对伤口愈合有帮助。^[10] .
   • 把患处清理干净后丢掉棉签。如果两侧耳朵都受感染，要用不同的棉签清理它们。
3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/d\/df\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-9-Version-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-9-Version-5.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/df\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-9-Version-5.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-9-Version-5.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 3 用盐水清洁患处。将半茶匙（3克）盐拌入240毫升温水中。用消过毒的棉球或纱布蘸取盐水，轻轻地擦拭穿洞处的正面和背面。每天重复两次，保持患处干净。
   • 用盐水清洁患处时，可能会感到有些刺痛。不过，痛感应该不会太强烈。如果非常痛，建议去看医生。
   • 不要用外用酒精或含有酒精的溶液清洁患处。它们会刺激患处，延迟伤口愈合。^[11]
   • 之后用纸巾或棉签轻轻拍干患处。不要用毛巾，它可能会刺痛耳朵。
   • 如果两侧耳朵都受感染，要用不同的棉签或纱布清洁它们。
4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/a\/ac\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/ac\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 4 热敷耳朵来缓解疼痛。将面巾浸在温水或温盐水中，然后在耳朵上敷3-4分钟。一整天有必要时可以重复，以缓解疼痛。^[12]
   • 之后用纸巾轻轻拍干耳朵。
5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/f\/f3\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f3\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 5 服用非处方止痛药来缓解疼痛。布洛芬（motrin或advil）或扑热息痛（泰诺），都能暂时减轻疼痛。根据标签上的指示用药。^[13]

保护耳朵

1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/b0\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b0\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 1 尽量避免触碰耳朵或穿洞处。除了清洁伤口或取出耳饰，其它时候都不能触碰耳朵，也不要让衣服或设备离受感染的耳朵太近。^[14]
   • 在感染痊愈之前，避免戴耳机。
   • 不要用受感染的那一侧耳朵接听电话。如果两只耳朵都受感染，那就用免提来接电话。
   • 如果头发很长，把它盘起来或绑马尾，不要垂放在耳边。
   • 睡觉的时候，不要压着受感染的耳朵。保持床单和枕头套干净，避免感染扩散。
2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/49\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/49\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 2 在感染和穿洞处愈合之前，千万不要游泳。一般来说，穿耳洞后，6周内都不能游泳。如果穿洞处受感染，等到感染和穿洞处痊愈后才可以再次游泳。^[15]
3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/b9\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-14-Version-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-14-Version-2.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b9\/Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-14-Version-2.jpg\/v4-728px-Treat-an-Infected-Ear-Piercing-Step-14-Version-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 3 如果你对镍过敏，选择低致敏性的首饰。医生可能诊断出你并非受感染，而是对镍过敏。在这种情况下，改戴纯银、金、医用钢或其它不含镍的首饰。它们比较不容易引发过敏。^[16]
   • 过敏迹象可能包括穿洞处的皮肤发红、发痒或干燥。
   • 如果你对镍过敏，继续穿戴含镍首饰很容易再次受感染。

警告

• 如果是耳朵软骨受感染，一定要尽快就医。要是没有及时治疗，受感染的软骨可能会形成瘢痕组织。
• 未咨询医生之前，不要擅自在家治疗感染。葡萄球菌感染是最常见的皮肤感染，不加以治疗会引发严重后果。