凤仙花色彩绚丽,常妆点在花坛边缘和门廊里,盛开一夏。这种美丽而耐寒的花朵可以自由组合颜色、品种,打造迷人的视觉效果。阅读下文,学习如何栽种和养护凤仙花,使它绽放生机勃勃的花朵。
步骤
方法 1 的 2:
准备栽种
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1
从当地苗圃购买凤仙花。在春天,园艺店和苗圃呈列着各式各样的凤仙花幼苗,任你挑选喜爱的品种。你可以购买单色或拼凑多种颜色,随你喜欢。
- 这三种常见品种的凤仙花颜色和花瓣大小各异:大拇指(Tom Thumb)花朵大,颜色艳丽;超级小精灵(Super Elfin)花色雅致;漩涡(Swirl)花色橙红色,花瓣上有漩涡状花纹。 [1]
- 栽种幼苗很简单,当然你也可以选择从种子种起。你需要在一月份把种子放在培养土里,以备春天栽种。把种子轻轻按到土里,保持容器湿润,温度在20摄氏度左右。 [2]
- 栽种前保持幼苗湿润。凤仙花若缺水就会很快枯萎。无论是幼苗还是种子,在栽种到花盆或土地上前都要保持湿润。
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2
找到适合的栽种地。凤仙花在花盆、花架或培育床中都生长良好。它们喜欢荫庇,因此要选择有遮荫的地方。保持土壤湿润且排水良好,若排水不好,凤仙花会感染霉菌。
- 判断土壤排水好不好:在大雨后观察土壤,如果看见水洼,则需要添加泥炭等物质提高土壤的排水能力。如果大雨后没有滞留水分,则适合栽种。
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3
在土壤温暖时栽种。最后一次霜降后才能栽种,这时土壤不寒冷,不会冻坏凤仙花。栽种太早的凤仙花等不到温暖季节就枯萎了。
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4
准备土壤。凤仙花喜欢湿润而营养充足的土壤。耕30厘米的土,加入一些堆肥或其他合适的肥料。如果栽种在花盆中,就购买营养丰富的盆栽土。 [3]
方法 2 的 2:
栽种及养护
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1
挖坑,栽种。挖坑的深度和凤仙花根球相近。两两之间相隔8-30厘米,按照你的喜好。轻按根系周围的土壤。栽种后多浇水。
- 若是种在花坛边缘,可以种得紧凑。相隔5-8厘米。
- 除了花盆,还可以种在悬挂的花篮中。花间的空隙慢慢会长满。
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2
保持湿润。要是土壤干燥,凤仙花容易枯萎。每隔几天,早晨为它浇水,浇在根系周围。不要在傍晚浇水,整夜湿透容易长霉菌。
- 花盆里的泥土比土地干得快,所以比直接种在地上需要多浇水。
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3
施肥。按包装说明,使用缓释肥料或每隔几周用一次液态肥料。 [4]
小提示
- 偶尔摘取一些凤仙花(至少一次),不然它会长得太纤弱。摘下来的花朵可以放在室内水培。等到扎了根,就可以种出更多凤仙花。
警告
- 浇水不宜过多。否则会长真菌,导致腐烂。如果不确定是否要浇水,就用手指试试土壤是否湿润。
你需要准备