看看“The happy young students run quickly to the large candy store”。划掉形容词和副词后,变成了“the students run to the candy store”。既有主体,也有动作,所以是一个从句。
现在来看看“Slowly climbing the big staircase”。划掉形容词和副词后,变成了“climbing the staircase”。我们不知道谁在爬楼梯,所以它不是从句,而是一个短语。
4
添加“Is it true that...”
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My friend holding the pizza → “Is it true that my friend holding the pizza?”这听起来没有意义,所以只是一个短语。
People who walk fast → “Is it true that people who walk fast?”这听起来也不对,所以只是一个短语。
试一试这个句子“people who walk fast are annoying”。当它变成了“is it true that people who walk fast are annoying?”,听起来像是正常的句子,所以是一个从句。它包含了主体(“people who walk fast”),也有动作、状态或特征(“are annoying”)。
“Because I baked a second cake”是一个非独立从句。它有一个主体(“I”)和一个动作(“baked a second cake”)。但是,它不是完整的动作,因为没有说明前因后果。
“Because I baked a second cake, everyone had enough to eat”是一个完整的句子。它有两个从句。“Because I baked a second cake”是非独立从句,而“Everyone had enough to eat”则是独立从句。"
8
关系从句
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可靠来源
University of North Carolina Writing Center
前往来源
在这个句子“A woman who knows about spiders gave a presentation”中,“who”被用来引导一个关系从句。
“Who knows about spiders”是一个关系从句,用来说明句子里的“woman”,但是不能单独成为一个完整的句子。
“who”是关系从句中的主语,“knows about spiders”是谓语。
关系从句可以用who、whom、whose、that、which、when、where或why作为开头。[6]X
可靠来源
University of North Carolina Writing Center
前往来源
9
没有关系词的关系从句
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可靠来源
University of North Carolina Writing Center
前往来源
这让人很难辨别它们。这种情况下,你可以通过以下方法辨别关系从句:
关系从句跟在名词后面。看看这个句子“{blue|the bear you warned me about ate my tent}}”。关系从句是名词“bear”后面的“you warned me about”。
划掉句子中的关系从句后,整个句子仍然听起来很合理。试着划掉“you warned me about”,剩下的“The bear ate my tent”仍然可以成为一个完整的句子。
你可以把关系词加回去。比如,上面的例句可以使用“that”,变成“The bear that you warned me about ate my tent.”。