怎么进行科学计数法和普通数字之间的转换

科学计数法在化学和物理学中非常常用,可以用来表示非常大或非常小的数字。将数字转化为科学计数法或者将科学计数法转换为普通数字,其实并没有那么难。跟着我们的步骤做就好啦!

方法 1 的 2:

将数字转化为科学计数法

  1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/b\/bd\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-1-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-1-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/bd\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-1-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-1-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 1 先找一个非常小或非常大的数。如果想要成功地将数字转化为科学计数法,你需要找一个非常小或非常大的数。比如,10,090,250,000,000就非常大;0.00004205就非常小。
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/3\/35\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-2-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-2-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/35\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-2-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-2-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 2 删去原始数字的小数点。这是转化为科学计数法的第一步。如果你要转换0.00004205,只需要在小数点上画个叉就好了。
  3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/c\/c7\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-3-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-3-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c7\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-3-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-3-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 3 在数字上添加新的小数点,保证小数点前只有一位非零数字。在我们的例子中,第一个非零数字为4,所以把小数点点在4后面,新的数字变为000004.205。
    • 这一操作也适用于大数字。比如,10,090,250,000,000变成1.0090250000000。
  4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/8\/8a\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8a\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 4 删掉所有无关紧要的数位来重写数字。无关紧要的数位就是所有不位于非零数位之间的零。
    • 例如,在数字1.0090250000000中,末尾的零都是无关紧要的,但在1和9之间、9和2之间的零是有意义的。将数字改写为1.009025。
    • 在数字000004.205中,最前面的零是无关紧要的。改写为4.205。
  5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/6\/6e\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/6e\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 5 在改写过的数字后面写上“x 10”。暂时写为4.205 x 10。
  6. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/4\/42\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/42\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 6 数数你将原始的小数点挪了多少位。比如从0.00004205到4.205,就是将小数点挪了5位。从10,090,250,000,000到1.0090250000000,就是挪了13位。
  7. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/7\/7a\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/7a\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 7 将这个位数作为10的指数。比如1.0090250000000,写为x 1013。对于4.205,写为x 105
  8. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/c\/ca\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/ca\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 8 确定指数的正负。如果原始数字非常大,则指数为正。如果原始数字非常小,则指数为负。
    • 例如,非常大的数10,090,250,000,000变为1.009025 x 10 13,非常小的数0.00004205变为4.205 x 10-5
  9. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/a\/af\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/af\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 9 根据需要进行近似处理。这一步取决于你所需要的精确度。比如,1.009025 x 1013就比1.009 x 1013更精确,当然更比1.01 x 1013精确,看你需要多精确了。
方法 2 的 2:

把科学计数法转换为普通数字

  1. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/e\/e6\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/e6\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 1 决定是要把小数点往左移还是往右移。如果“x 10”部分的指数是正的,就要把小数点往右移;如果指数是负的,就把小数点往左移。
  2. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/9\/99\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/99\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 2 看看需要把小数点移多少位。如果数字为5.2081 x 1012,就要把小数点往右移12位。如果指数是-7,往左移7位;如果指数是5,往右移5位。
  3. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/6\/6e\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/6e\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 3 移动小数点,在空位上补零。可能需要在数字前面或后面补零,取决于小数点是往左移还是往右移。如果你将5.2081的小数点往右移了12位,新的数字变为5208100000000。
  4. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/1\/10\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/10\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 4 点上新的小数点。
  5. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images_en\/thumb\/2\/26\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"https:\/\/www.zenmeban.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/26\/Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Change-Numbers-Into-and-Out-of-Scientific-Notation-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><\/div>"} 5 对超过999的数字添加逗号。从右到左,每三个数字前加一个逗号。例如,5208100000000变为5,208,100,000,000。

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