生火是在野外生存的必备技能。如果和你一起露营的人把火柴掉到河里了或者把打火机弄丢了的话,你需要知道如何使用天然的东西或者利用放大镜的原理来生火。通过阅读下文来学习如何不用火柴和打火机来生火。
步骤
方法 1 的 6:
开始
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1
学习如何获得火种以及准备好火绒巢。所有下面的方法都需要你找到一个可以让火花变大成一堆火的火绒巢。
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2
收集干木。为了产生摩擦和维持火种的燃烧,你需要一些非常干燥的木材。
方法 2 的 6:
钻木取火
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1
用干燥的材料做一个火绒巢。再次提示要确保材料可以很容易被点燃。
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2
找一块可以让你钻木取火的木头,通过摩擦来生火。
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3
用刀或任何锋利的东西火板中心做一个缺口。确保你的缺口大小可以容纳一根取火棒。
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4
在缺口里放一些树皮。树皮有助于木头和棒子之间的摩擦。
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5
取火棒是一根大概有60厘米长,1厘米粗的细木棍,把它放在木头中心的缺口里。
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6
用手快速转动取火棒。要确保取火棒底部接触到了木块。
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7
继续用手快速转动取火棒,直到产生了火苗。
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8
把产生火苗的灰烬转移到树皮上。在此之前你应该已经准备好了几块树皮。
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9
再把有火苗的树皮转移到火绒巢里。继续轻轻吹让火苗变大。
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10
添加一些大块的干木头让火苗越来越大。注意用这种方法取火可能需要一段时间,你需要有决心。
方法 3 的 6:
制作弓钻
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1
再次用干燥的植物材料做一个火绒巢。
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2
找一块石头或者比较重的木头来作为插座。插座会给取火棒施加压力。
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3
找到一根和你手臂差不多长有弹性的木头。最好有一定的曲线,这将作为你的弓柄。
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4
用一些强韧十分耐磨的材料来作为弓弦。你可以使用鞋带,细绳或者皮鞭。
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5
将弦尽可能紧地系在弓柄两端。如果弓柄两段没有可以用来系绳的地方,你可以自己做一个切口。
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6
找到一块用来生火的木头,也可以称为火板,在中心切一个V型切口让刀或其他尖锐的物体能进去。
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7
把火绒巢放在V型切口下面。这样的话你可以轻松地生火了。
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8
将弓弦在取火棒上绕一圈。要让弦的中间部分绕在取火棒上这样你才有空间前后移动取火棒。
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9
把取火棒的一端削尖,减少它在插座中的摩擦。一旦这头开始碳化,也不用把它截断,这样就能让取火棒用得更久一点。
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10
将取火棒的一端放进V型切口里,然后把插座放在取火棒的顶端上。用你的非优势手握住插座。
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11
用优势手握住弓的弯曲木质部分,快速地来回锯。这会让取火棒快递转动然后产生热能。
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12
继续来回锯直到产生火苗。要确保你的火绒巢就在附近。
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13
把你获得的火苗都聚集起来然后放进火绒巢。你也可以将火板上的火苗放进火绒巢里。
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14
在火绒巢上扇风并添加一些大块的木头来让火势增大。
方法 4 的 6:
使用电池和钢丝绒
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1
用易燃的干燥的材料做一个火绒巢。你可以用干燥的草,树叶,小树枝,树皮。这个巢会让火星燃烧得更旺。
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2
找到一个电池和它的两极。电极是电池两头圆形的部分。
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3
用钢丝绒摩擦电池的电极。钢丝绒越细越好。
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4
继续用钢丝绒摩擦电池。这个过程会在钢丝中产生微小的电流,然后就会产热并且燃烧了。
- 另一种方式用9伏电池和金属回形针,让回形针同时在电池两极上摩擦来产生火花。原理类似于电灯泡和烤箱的操作。
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5
在钢丝绒开始发光的时候轻轻吹一下。这有助于火焰的产生和蔓延。
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6
一旦钢丝绒发出的光比较明亮了,快速将钢丝绒放进准备好的火绒巢里,继续轻轻地吹直到火绒被点燃产生火焰。
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7
一旦火绒巢已经点燃了,往里面放一些大块的的干木头让火势更加旺盛。 你可以可是享受你生的火了!
方法
5
方法 5 的 6:
用火石和钢铁
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1
再次使用干燥的植物材料做一个易燃的巢。
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2
用你的中指和食指拿住火石。你的手掌离火石大概5-8厘米。
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3
在你的拇指和火石之间放一块炭布。炭布是一种小的正方形的易燃的布。如果你手头没有炭布,你也可以用小一些的木耳代替。
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4
用钢刀的刀背迅速地刮燧石,直到火花开始形成。
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5
用炭布接住火花并一直烧到炭布变成灰烬。炭布可以专门用来保持住火光但不会燃烧。
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6
把发光的炭布放到火绒巢里,轻轻地吹直到产生火焰。
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7
放入一些干木头让火势更加旺盛。
方法
6
方法 6 的 6:
使用放大镜
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1
采用这种方法的时候要注意阳光是否充足。只有阳光没有被云层遮挡的时候你才能使用放大镜。
- 如果你没有放大镜,目镜和双目镜片也可以。
- 在透镜上加水可以让光束聚焦的更好。
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2
用干材料做一个火绒巢放在地上。
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3
倾斜镜片朝向太阳直到透镜可以在火绒巢里将光线聚集成一个小圆圈。你可以尝试不同的角度,找出汇聚光线最好的角度。
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4
保持镜片的位置直到火绒巢开始产生烟和火苗。轻轻吹一下让火焰更加旺盛。
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5
加入一些大块的干木头让火势更加旺盛。
小提示
- 把产生火苗变成火焰是最困难的部分,这一步一定要轻轻吹。
- 你应该在生火前知道如何灭火。
- 摩擦之前要保证木材一定是干燥的。
- 杨木,杜松,杨,柳,雪松,龙柏,核桃都是作为取火板和取火棒的理想材料。
- 如果你没有任何可以用来放大的镜片,你也可以在气球里放一些水然后压成可以放大镜片的形状。
- 手钻法是最原始和困难的方法,但需要的材料是最少的。
警告
- 记住要小心地处理火。
- 在你要离开火之前要用水或者沙子把火灭掉。
- 注意在摩擦的时候火花可能会飞溅出来。
你需要准备
电池和钢丝绒的方法
火石和钢铁的方法
放大镜的方法
用手钻木取火的方法
弓钻法
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火绒巢
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取火棒
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取火板
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刀或锐器
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树皮
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插座
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弓
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绳子
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干木